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Abstract Detail


MSA - Systematics/Evolution

Weiß, Michael [1], Selosse, Marc-Andre [2], Sýkorová, Zuzana  [3], Garnica, Sigisfredo [4], Bauer, Robert [4], Oberwinkler, Franz [4], Redecker, Dirk [5].

Sebacinales are widespread endophytes of land plants.

In Fungi, Sebacinales (Agaricomycotina, Basidiomycota) is unique for the broad spectrum of mycorrhizal types in which fungi of this order are involved: ectomycorrhizas, orchid mycorrhizas (with autotrophic, mixotrophic or myco-heterotrophic orchids), mycorrhizas involving ericalean hosts, and also in associations with liverworts of the Jungermanniales, which resemble mycorrhizas at the cellular level (jungermannioid ‘mycorrhizas‘).
Sebacinales have recently also gained increasing interest because there is clear evidence from in vitro experiments that the interaction of fungi of this group with plant roots enhances growth, seed production and resistance against fungal pathogens in a phylogenetically wide range of host plants.
Sebacinales are phylogenetically divided in two subgroups (informally designated as subgroups A and B), which correlates with the distribution of mycorrhizal types in which their members are involved. Ectomycorrhizal fungi—and, correspondingly, mycobionts of mixotrophic and myco-heterotrophic orchids and also mixotrophic Ericaceae of the Pyroleae—have only been detected in Group A, whereas fungi involved in ericoid or cavendishioid mycorrhizas (a recently described mycorrhizal type found in certain epiphytic or hemiepiphytic Vaccinioideae) or in associations with liverworts as well as mycobionts of autotrophic orchids have only been found in Group B. Basidiome-forming members are known only from Group A. Teleomorphic individuals of Group B have all been assigned to the Sebacina vermifera species complex.
Here we present new data suggesting that Sebacinales are also widespread as endophytes of land plants. Interestingly, sequences of putatively endophytic Sebacinales are distributed in both Sebacinales Group A and Group B, which allows new hypotheses on the evolution of mycorrhizal types in Sebacinales.


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1 - Universitaet Tuebingen, Spezielle Botanik und Mykologie, Auf der Morgenstelle 1, Tuebingen, 72076, Germany
2 - Centre d'Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive, CNRS, UMR 5175, Equipe Interactions Biotiques , 1919 Route de Mende, Montpellier, 34000, France
3 - Institute of Botany of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Department of Mycorrhizal Symbioses, Lesní 322, Pruhonice, 252 43, Czech Republic
4 - Universität Tübingen, Organismische Botanik, Auf der Morgenstelle 1, Tübingen, D-72076, Germany
5 - Universität Basel, Botanisches Institut, Hebelstraße 1, Basel, CH-4056, Switzerland

Keywords:
Basidiomycota
mycorrhizas
ecology
endophytes
phylogeny.

Presentation Type: Oral Paper:Papers for Topics
Session: 55
Location: Cottonwood A/Snowbird Center
Date: Tuesday, July 28th, 2009
Time: 4:00 PM
Number: 55002
Abstract ID:554